Types of Aircraft Engines and Working Principle Part 1 of 2
We all generally know about the Aeroplanes in our day-to-day life. Have you ever thought, what is the main principle behind these Iron birds?
It is the turbines that play a pivotal role in creating a viscosity in the Air (since Air is a fluid, it tends to flow from High pressure to Low pressure). Air is sucked into the compression chamber via the fan, the air is then compressed with a series of compressors, mainly 6-10 stages of rotor blades along with stator are utilised to compress the air; when the compressed air flows through the inner chambers, it gets through the Combustion Chambers. It is here where the ATF or the Aviation Turbine Fuel takes part. The ATF is ignited to generate a cloud of gases, which mix with the compressed air, and the mixture now expands, which is then allowed to pass through the low pressure turbines. The difference in pressures cause an internal force called as Thrust to generate and the gases move rapidly pushing the whole apparatus to the opposite direction (As per Newton's 3rd Law, Every Action has an equal and opposite reaction), the exhaust of the gases through a small nozzle causes a large thrust to be generated, which in turn moves the plane forward.
The Ailerons on the Wings of the plane that carry these Aviation Turbine Engines, regulate the air pressure on both sides in equilibrium, so as to make the plane float in the air. The total mass of fluid replaced is equal to the area of the plane (Archimedes Principle of Fluid Buoyancy), as well as the streamlined shape of the plane makes it easy to cut through air without any problem.
The Pressure and Temperature inside the cabin as well as in the Turbine Engines should be regularly monitored, as even a small drop in pressure can be fatal. However, the flight is one of the marvels the Human has created. Thanks to Sir Frank Whittle for his invention of the first Turbo Engine.
Turbines are so called as they change the linear motion into rotary motion with turbidity of air flow. There is nothing called a separate engine, other than twin or quad engines that hang on to the wings of the plane. The Nose carries the RADAR (Radio Detection and Ranging Equipment). The Air Pressure inside the cowling of the turbojet sometimes reaches more than the speed of sound (i.e. 330mps), and a loud boom is heard, which is termed as Sonic Boom. Only Quad Engine International Jets that fly at 40km altitude show such a phenomena. Domestic Jets fly at about 20 kms altitude.
Here are some of the Schematic diagrams that depict various parts of the Aviation Turbine Engine, commonly called as Gas Turbine Engine.
It is the turbines that play a pivotal role in creating a viscosity in the Air (since Air is a fluid, it tends to flow from High pressure to Low pressure). Air is sucked into the compression chamber via the fan, the air is then compressed with a series of compressors, mainly 6-10 stages of rotor blades along with stator are utilised to compress the air; when the compressed air flows through the inner chambers, it gets through the Combustion Chambers. It is here where the ATF or the Aviation Turbine Fuel takes part. The ATF is ignited to generate a cloud of gases, which mix with the compressed air, and the mixture now expands, which is then allowed to pass through the low pressure turbines. The difference in pressures cause an internal force called as Thrust to generate and the gases move rapidly pushing the whole apparatus to the opposite direction (As per Newton's 3rd Law, Every Action has an equal and opposite reaction), the exhaust of the gases through a small nozzle causes a large thrust to be generated, which in turn moves the plane forward.
The Ailerons on the Wings of the plane that carry these Aviation Turbine Engines, regulate the air pressure on both sides in equilibrium, so as to make the plane float in the air. The total mass of fluid replaced is equal to the area of the plane (Archimedes Principle of Fluid Buoyancy), as well as the streamlined shape of the plane makes it easy to cut through air without any problem.
The Pressure and Temperature inside the cabin as well as in the Turbine Engines should be regularly monitored, as even a small drop in pressure can be fatal. However, the flight is one of the marvels the Human has created. Thanks to Sir Frank Whittle for his invention of the first Turbo Engine.
Turbines are so called as they change the linear motion into rotary motion with turbidity of air flow. There is nothing called a separate engine, other than twin or quad engines that hang on to the wings of the plane. The Nose carries the RADAR (Radio Detection and Ranging Equipment). The Air Pressure inside the cowling of the turbojet sometimes reaches more than the speed of sound (i.e. 330mps), and a loud boom is heard, which is termed as Sonic Boom. Only Quad Engine International Jets that fly at 40km altitude show such a phenomena. Domestic Jets fly at about 20 kms altitude.
Here are some of the Schematic diagrams that depict various parts of the Aviation Turbine Engine, commonly called as Gas Turbine Engine.
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| Sections of a General Gas Turbine Engine |
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| Working Principle of a Turbojet Engine |
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| Working principle of Fixed Shaft Turbo Prop Engine |
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| Working Principle of a Split Shaft Turbo Prop Engine |
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| Working Principle of a Turbofan Engine |
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| Temperature Zones in a Turbofan Engine |
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| Working principle of Turboprop Engine |
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| Animation of Working of a Turbofan Engine |
A. Low pressure spool
B. High pressure spool
C. Stationary components
1. Nacelle
2. Fan
3. Low pressure compressor
4. High pressure compressor
5. Combustion chamber
6. High pressure turbine
7. Low pressure turbine
8. Core nozzle
9. Fan nozzle